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Geologically speaking, Sriperumbudur belongs to the Sriperumbudur Formation which is characterized by arenaceous and argillaceous rock units comprising splintery green shale, clays and sandstones with ironstone intercalations and on conformably overlying either the Precambrian basement or Precambrian boulder beds and green shales.
The beds contain marine intercalations. Their lithologic suites and fossil fauna are suggestive of deposition under shallow and brackish conditions, probably close to the shoreline.